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Inkshares wants to create a hybrid of traditional book publisher and crowdfunded digital platform

Gigaom

As with so many other media and publishing-related businesses, the book industry has been massively disrupted by the internet, to the point where an increasing number of authors have found success by avoiding the traditional publishing system altogether. But is the old-fashioned publisher model totally without value? The founders of Inkshares don’t think so — which is why they are trying to create a kind of hybrid platform that combines the benefits of crowdfunding with some of the services that traditional publishers have offered in the past.

Independent success stories like young-adult author Amanda Hocking — who wrote and sold her stories on Amazon’s Kindle platform and wound up becoming a multimillionaire in the process — are definitely inspiring, says Inkshares co-founder Adam Gomolin, but to some extent they are “unicorns,” in the sense that not every author is going to be able to duplicate their success.

Gomolin’s co-founder Larry…

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Crowdfunding Metrics: The 30% Rule

Posted on October 18, 2013 by 

Grow Your Secondary Network for Crowdfunding Success

The 30% Rule Crowdfunding

It’s been said that if you achieve 30% of your crowdfunding goal, then you are well-situated to reach 100% by the end of your campaign. This rule is a bit confusing since 30% is less than half-way. Yet, despite this fact, it has become a recognized marker for success. Ultimately, there’s one reason for this: 30% of your crowdfunding goal should represent your own personal network’s value—that is, the funds raised in advance to get the ball rolling.

Once crossing the 30% milestone, statistics suggest that crowdfunders have nearly a 90% rate of success. A recent study by Seedrs analysed the different levels of pre-committed funds and its effect on the success of a campaign.

 

  • Projects starting with 0% showed a 15% chance of success
  • Projects beginning with 1%  experienced a 27% likelihood of success
  • Projects with 5% of their funds pre-committed had 50-50 odds
  • Projects with 10% pre-committed discovered that their odds increased to 70%
  • Projects having 20% experienced a 80% chance of success
  • Projects starting with 35% or more completed their goals in every instance

Although these results reflect equity-based crowdfunding in the UK, Kickstarter and Indiegogo have recognized the 30% rule back in North America as well. It seems that after reaching this magic number, project creators feel inspired to persist. The trick to filling the gap between 30% and 100%, however, rests in the hands of the secondary network.

30% Rule Crowdfunding

The secondary network refers to the colloquial “friend of a friend.” While you may not know these individuals intimately, the introduction, referral, or recommendation through a friend is crucial to your overall success. But you cannot rely on your primary network to do all of the work for you. You need to map it out – literally. Look at your own confirmed supporters and try to tie some influential individuals to each. You may not get them all, but securing only a few is all you need to put things in motion.

With 30% under the belt, your project is validated—it instantly becomes credible. No one wants to be the first to pledge money to an unknown, uncertain project. By exhausting your personal network at the beginning, you ensure that those in the secondary network are already familiar with your cause, thus feeling less hesitant to throw a few bucks your way. The 30% rule is an interesting and merited strategy, so it’s worth considering. Before launching, try and pre-commit at least 30% (if not more), either through guaranteed pledges or your own personal money.

 

Source : Crowdclan

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The Importance of Social Media Crowdfunding Can Not be Stressed Enough !

Posted on November 22, 2013 by 

Social Media Crowdfunding

It cannot be stressed enough: social media is one of the most important aspects of crowdfunding. Under no circumstance should a project ever neglect to reach-out to supporters and expand its network. Managing several different accounts across the web takes time, but it’s a necessary step towards success. Instead of joining every platform, however, look for those that suit your campaign. In other words, SoundCloud works well for musicians, whereas Instagram, in most cases, does not.

For crowdfunders, there are a few staple websites to join if you have not done so already. These include Facebook, Twitter and Youtube. For entrepreneurs, Google and LinkedIn are also advised. Focusing on the first three, let’s take a look at some statistics that illustrate social networking’s potential:

  • 189-million Facebook users are on “mobile only”
  • Youtube has a greater viewership of those between the ages of 18-34 than any cable network in the US
  • The fastest growing demographic on Twitter is 55-64; this same age group comprises 46% of Facebook users and 56% of Google+
  • Every second, two people sign-up on LinkedIn

Knowledge is key, so continuously browse the web for data for it will ensure that your social media campaign remains relevant, intelligent and targeted. Two great sites to research trends are Mashable and Hypebot, but some industries may need to rely on more specific feeds.

For Twitter and Facebook, be creative and use the tools available to you. The average user may not think to create a community page or a twitition, but these are both powerful and sharable tools that businesses and non-profits use regularly. Remember that it’s not necessarily about the quantity of people in your network but the quality as well. For instance, finding “amplifiers” — influential social media enthusiasts — will help spread your word faster.

Try and always keep the mobile market in mind and practice concise messaging. Consider the statistic about Facebook users — not everyone wants to read a novel on their handheld. In fact, infographics have become one of the most compelling forms of social media today. So save the paragraphs for your blast e-newsletters at the end of each week (more about this later!).

There are a handful of tools one can use to increase their social media presence, but there’s a few tricks unknown to the average user. If social media can assist crowdfunding, can it not work the other way around? Yes it can. For example, consider offering loyal followers and fans incentives through a social media contest. This is only one of many ways to uniquely engage an audience and generate a buzz in the online world.

Social Media Crowdfunding

 

Source : Crowdclan 

 

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Crowdfunding Backers are not Deterred by Celebrity-Usage

Over the course of the last couple years as crowdfunding websites have gained significantly in popularity, several celebrities have used them to raise funds for their own projects. For example, Zach Braff used crowdfunding to raise $3.1 million to produce his film “Wish I Was Here.” Director Rob Thomas raised $5.7 million to make “Veronica Mars” the movie. Singer, Amanda Palmer raised over $1 million to create her new album.

Some have criticized these celebrities for using crowdfunding instead of paying for their own projects. Although there are no rules against it, many feel crowdfunding is an opportunity for those unable to get the investment they need on their own to make their dreams come true.

Despite this criticism, each of the projects received more funding than they asked for. They were huge successes, which strongly suggest users are not opposing celebrities using the platform as well. Many backers stated they were excited to be apart of something big or they were happy to contribute to a creative project.

The overall support for crowdfunding has increased dramatically over the last year. According to assistant professor of management, Ethan Mollick, from the University of Pennsylvania, in 2012 the amount of money spent by backers on crowdfunding projects rose 81%. This brought the total spent to $2.7 billion.

Despite these numbers, the success rate is still less than 50%. This means that money was spent on less than half the campaigns launched. Mollick went on to explain that succeeding in a campaign is actually the easy part for most. Managing and fulfilling rewards is actually the difficult part. Mollick explains that 75% of campaigns end up being late delivering rewards to their backers.

Despite these drawbacks, the popularity of crowdfunding continues to grow. Users are eager to back projects; especially film and music projects, which have the highest success rate.

 

Source : http://www.josic.com/crowdfunding-backers-433are-not-deterred-by-celebrity-usage

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Now, crowdfunding for college fests ?

Renu Singh,  TNN Feb 2, 2014, 01.49PM IST

Students at BIT Mesra, Ranchi have turned to crowdfunding to generate money for their fest. Is it a model other educational institutes can emulate?

We have heard of filmmakers, start-up companies, even political parties reaching out to the public to raise funds for their projects. But for an educational institute to source crowdfunding for their management fest – that’s a first. And that’s exactly what BIT Mesra has done – invited crowdfunding apart from sponsorships for Bitotsav, their techno-cul-management fest this year.

“The idea was jointly endorsed by all members of the core committee,” shares Nitin Gupta, member of the Bitotsav core committee, before going on to explain where the idea germinated from. “We knew crowdfunding has benefited start-ups and filmmakers, so that’s where the inspiration came from. Since Bitotsav is something that everybody on campus looks forward to all through the year, and in an endeavour to take the level of the fest a notch higher, we thought of inviting funds from the public, apart from getting sponsors for the event. We have a target of collecting one lakh rupees, and till now, have received 71,000 (out of which the major contribution is by our alumni). For the contribution given to the fest, we have kept certain rewards, from couple passes to Farhan Akhtar’s show to souvenirs and mementos. To ensure the funds are not misused, the accounts of Bitotsav are closely monitored and audited by institute authority,” he says.

Bitotsav aside, could this be the beginning of a new trend?

PUBLIC SE PAISA NIKALNA MUSHKIL HAI

While the idea is unique in its application to college fests, not everyone is convinced that it can be successfully executed. Anuraag Dhingra, part of the organising committee of Manfest, at IIM Lucknow, says, “I think crowdfunding can help build the brand of the institute, but not so much to get funds, unless there is a social cause associated with the event. Nevertheless, it will entirely depend on how the public is being approached. Perhaps in the future, we could use this way to generate some money.”

Akhil Agarwal,a B Tech final year student at IIT Delhi says, “Crowdfunding for college fests is a very interesting idea and there is nothing wrong in it. Par public se paisa nikalana thoda mushkil hota hai people will spend 100 on pani puri, but will resist in donating even ten rupees, such is the mindset of people. I don’t find it a viable option for college fests – the effort required to woo the public to give funds, only half of that is required to convince sponsors and alumni.”

THE ADMINISTRATION WON’T ALLOW US

Approaching the alumni is a popular concept adopted by institutes to raise funds for their annual fests. Prateek Kishore, student of final year B Tech from IIT Kharagpur says, “We have been approaching our alumni for donations to fund the annual cultural fest of IIT Kharagpur, and we always get an encouraging response from them, they are happy to send in their contributions.” He adds, “Crowdfunding by any educational institute is a novel concept and I am hearing of it for the first time. Though it seems exciting, I doubt the IIT-Khg administration will ever allow us to do it.”

In some institutes students themselves pitch in funds for their fest. Like at Saarang, the annual cultural fest at IIT Madras. “In IIT Bombay too, students are made to contribute for the fest. Back in IIT Madras, we collect some funds from students by ticketing the star night,” says Aditya Bharadwaj, part of the organizing committee of Saarang, adding, “Crowdfunding will be the last option for us because Saarang is a student-oriented fest. And if ever one wishes to go for it, an upper limit of the amount to be collected from the public should be declared in advance.”

Udit Singh, media coordinator for Alcheringa, the annual cultural fest at IIT Guwahati, says that while they would never get the goahead from the institute to source funds from the public, he also emphasises the need for transparency if someone does opt for crowdfunding a fest. “The big question in my mind is the transparency – will the institute be able to maintain that in the usage of the funds?” he asks.

Source : Times of India

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13 Experts and 13 Trends That Will Dominate Crowdfunding in 2014

Mark Fidelman, CEO of Raynforest – Forbes Columnist | Posted: 01/29/2014

2014-01-28-Picture1.png

If politicians were awarded Olympic medals, then Congressman Patrick McHenry (R-NC) and U.S. Senator Mark Warner (D-VA) would each be given gold in the crowdfunding biathlon for their sheer endurance and fortitude in helping create and deliver on a reasonable bill to allow any business to raise money via private markets. Instead of caving to special interests and Washington bureaucrats, both backed a bill that marks the beginning of a new era in finance.

The recognition that they and 98 other crowdfunding experts received last week for supporting what was previously seen as an impossible dream will help usher in a new wave of innovation and jobs.

But as with anything political, the fight continues. Most of the experts I talked to on the list acknowledged that the new Jobs act is imperfect and will need revisions if it is to be a real force in the future. But most also cited that using social networks and crowdsourcing support for these changes was a sure path to victory.

Looking forward, I asked each of them for their thoughts on the path forward, here’s what they told me:

1. Slava Rubin, CEO of Indiegogo (#3)

“Since its inception in 2008, crowdfunding remains an emerging industry and largely unknown in many parts of the world. As such, those in leadership positions in the space have a responsibility to collaborate, educate, and share with the public and one another on how best to move forward and revolutionize funding for good. Active engagement of community leaders, whether they’re based in the government, the media, or the platforms themselves, is imperative to the evolution and future of crowdfunding.”

2. Tim Draper, Venture capitalist; Founder of Draper University (#6)

“If you want to be a thought leader, you need a following. To be followed today, you need a social network. The world has great systems now to have the best ideas reach the most people.”

3. Sen. Warner (#8)

“We’re still waiting on final SEC rules, but I think there may be some interesting issues that will come up and will need to be resolved over time. We need to get a sense of how equity CF is going to work in the real world. There are a lot of variables.”

4. Renaud LaPlanche, Co-founder and CEO of Lending Club (#10)

“We’re looking forward to watching equity crowdfunding develop — and
seeing how the players solve the challenges of higher risk endeavors evaluated through unstructured data. Part of what made us successful is the ability to identify quality loans and get to scale (we originated $2 billion last year) so that a greater diversification can be offered to investors and performance becomes more predictable.”

“How do you ensure the success and education of investors, absent industry standard metrics to evaluate risk, and how do you provide diversification across thousands or tens of thousands of projects? These are some of the challenges facing equity crowdfunding.”

5. Sherwood (Woodie) Neiss, Partner at Crowdfund Capital Advisors (#12)

“The media will have a heyday when equity crowdfunding kicks off. They will tout this as ‘Web 3.0’ where the business case for the social network has finally arrived. They will try to identify the next Facebook which will really help bring exposure to the industry.”

“However, given the caps that exist for companies (e.g., can only raise up to $1 million in 12 months) and investors (e.g., majority will be limited to five percent of their income or net worth), there won’t be many herd mentality stories. This will come as a surprise to entrepreneurs who wish to seek funds via crowdfunding and face the harsh reality that although the process of raising capital has been streamlined via technology, raising money is still incredibly hard. There will be many companies (over 80 percent) that never hit their funding target.”

6. Congressman McHenry (#13)

“My hope is that equity crowdfunding emerges — at home and abroad — as a competitive source of capital for small businesses and viable investment choice for Americans. But for that to happen, the crowdfunding community must express its opinion(s) about the SEC’s crowdfunding proposal to the Commission during the current comment period.”

7. Kevin Steger, Founder of Startup Report (#14)

“The SEC will be slow to adopt the proposed rules around equity crowdfunding. This is already moving at a slow pace and there is no reason to expect that the pace will quicken. We may see equity crowdfunding in 2014, we may not. After the rules are adopted, I expect to see the investment community and start‐up community to embrace equity crowdfunding — there are a lot of prospective investors who want to play in this space who aren’t allowed to do so in the current regulatory environment. The new SEC rules would change all of that.”

8. Devin Thorpe, Social entrepreneurship blogger for Forbes (#16)

“As investment crowdfunding blossoms over the next few years, stories of business failures will inevitably emerge. We all need to remember that starting a business has always been and will always be a challenge. Crowdfunding helps to close the funding gaps that entrepreneurs experience, but it generally can’t solve operational problems. Let’s remember not to panic when we hear the first horror stories. The stories of huge investor wins will not be far behind.”

9. Kendall Almerico, Founder and CEO of Fund Hub (#17)

“Equity crowdfunding will have a slower start than most people want or hope for, primarily because of the compliance and due diligence requirements the SEC has created. There are a lot of hoops to jump through. Once people understand that equity crowdfunding is not as easy as creating a campaign on Kickstarter, but is actually raising money to start a real business and takes planning and an investment of time and money, then the real boom will begin.”

10. Josh Constine, Technology journalist for TechCrunch (#23)

“In 2014, mediocre venture capital firms and angels will start to feel the burn of competition from equity crowdfunding competi. If these investors can’t add value beyond providing cash, startup may prefer to raise money from the crowd to get an army of evangelists and recruiters.”

11. Steve O’Hear, Technology journalist for TechCrunch (#26)

“I think there are too many platforms and we are likely to see some go away and/or consolidation, although it’s still early days. Any platform has to attract both investors looking to invest and companies looking to raise. The more you have of one, the more you can attract the other. Additionally, the larger the network the more useful the network becomes. A classic network‐effects play. In the long term it makes sense therefore that only a finite number of platforms can be supported by the market.”

12. Ross Dawson, Founding chairman of Advanced Human Technologies (#29)

“True equity crowdfunding will finally pick up pace in the U.S., using a number of different models. Some European countries such as the UK are leading the way, providing the impetus for other countries to change their legislation to enable crowdfunding.”

13. Ryan Feit, Co-founder and CEO of Seed Invest (Top 100)

“Investors need to do their homework as all portals will not be created equally. Investors should ask themselves three questions:

1. What is the platform’s company filtering mechanisms? Are deals highly‐vetted or is it simply an open platform where you are on your own?

2. What is the background of the management team? Do they have prior experience investing or deep sector expertise?

3. Does the platform have access to solid deal flow? Do they get access to deals led by professional venture capital firms and angel groups?”

Source : Huffington Post

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Crowdfunding : et si on parlait des risques ?

May 17th, 2013

Le financement participatif est maintenant reconnu comme un moyen efficace de lever des fonds, tant pour les start-ups que pour les entreprises bien établies. Mais la croissance de cette activité l’amène à changer de nature : petit à petit, on passe de la donation à une forme d’investissement. Cela pose des défis nouveaux, notamment juridiques, et soulève aussi des questions quant aux risques encourus par les particuliers lorsqu’ils jouent les capital-risqueurs.

Record battu sur le site de crowdfunding Kickstarter pour la campagne Veronica Mars visant à produire un film tiré de la série culte du même nom : il s’agit du projet ayant amassé le plus vite un million de dollars. À ce jour, c’est le plus gros projet de film du site, et tous projets confondus c’est aussi celui qui a réuni le plus grand nombre de financeurs individuels.

Certes, on est encore loin des sommes investies dans les grandes productions cinématographiques, et on n’est pas près de les voir recourir à ce modèle de financement. Mais qu’à cela ne tienne: le crowdfunding est bel et bien en train d’aider des producteurs à lever des capitaux sans devoir passer par la case Hollywood.

Ce que le cas Veronica Mars illustre bien en revanche, c’est que Kickstarter et ses équivalents s’imposent désormais comme des sources de financement fiables, bien installées dans le paysage – et ceci tant pour les start-up que pour les entreprises bien établies. Non seulement les sites de crowdfunding fournissent un moyen simple et bon marché à des personnes recherchant un financement de départ, mais les investisseurs en herbe se révèlent très avisés dans l’art de parier sur le bon cheval, comme le note Ethan Mollick, professeur de management à la Wharton School of Business.

Les foules ont du flair
Selon l’étude récente d’Ethan Mollick, « Swept Away by the Crowd? Crowdfunding, Venture Capital and the Selection of Entrepreneurs » (Crowdfunding, capital-risque et sélection des entrepreneurs), dont une version provisoire a été publiée en mars, la façon dont les qualités entrepreneuriales sont examinées est tout à fait similaire chez les donateurs sur Kickstarter, l’un des sites de crowdfunding les plus importants et les plus connus, et dans les sociétés de capital-risque, qui depuis des décennies sont aux Etats-Unis la principale source de financements des start-ups.

« Ils sont attentifs aux mêmes signes de qualité », remarque Ethan Mollick. « Il y a des éléments qui augmentent les chances d’être financé, quand les financeurs ne sont pas certains du succès. Les créateurs du projet ont-ils de l’expérience dans le domaine? Ont-ils un prototype? Ont-ils reçu l’aval d’une organisation ou d’un individu de référence ? Ces facteurs augmentent la probabilité de succès, les capital-risqueurs y sont très attentifs. Il semblerait que les crowdfunders aient les mêmes réflexes.

Dans un article précédent, The Dynamics of Crowdfunding: Determinants of Success and Failure, Ethan Mollick écrivait que bien que la plupart des projets financés aient livré leur produit avec un retard moyen de plus d’un mois, « rares sont les projets qui ne semblent pas faire de vrais efforts pour remplir leurs obligations ». En d’autres termes, la communauté du crowdfunding se révèle assez douée pour sélectionner des initiatives dont la probabilité de succès est forte.

Ce que les crowdfunders ne recherchent pas – ou du moins, ce qui n’entre pas en ligne de compte pour eux – c’est de connaître le sexe ou l’emplacement géographique des entrepreneurs en quête de financement. En analysant 3200 projets de technologie hébergés par Kickstarter dans les domaines du matériel, des logiciels, des jeux vidéo et du design de produits – des domaines qui attirent traditionnellement l’investissement de capital-risque – Ethan Mollick a constaté que le crowdfunding « est plus démocratiquement distribué que le financement par le capital-risque » et que « la proportion de start-ups financées en crowdfunding dont le fondateur est une femme était largement supérieure à celle des entreprises financées par du capital-risque. »

« Soit vous pensez que le système existant nous permet d’être sûrs que les meilleur informaticiens travaillent chez Google et que les meilleurs financements de départ sont octroyés par le capital-risque… soit vous pensez que le talent et l’opportunité sont plus largement distribués et qu’en raison de différences géographiques, d’accès aux opportunités et de background, les gens ne jouent pas à chances égales », déclare Ethan Mollick. « Ce qui rend le crowdfunding si intéressant, c’est qu’avec lui un plus grand nombre de personnes a entre les mains la possibilité de créer quelque chose. »

C’est particulièrement important à l’heure où la disponibilité des prêts aux petites entreprises s’est tarie, ajoute William Cunningham, PDG de Creative Investment Research, un cabinet d’analyse économique basé à Washington, DC : « Les grandes institutions financières ont abandonné ce domaine. Il est plus facile pour elles d’investir dans des dérivés de crédit que d’investir dans les prêts aux petites entreprises, observe-il. Avec la technologie qui permet de financer de nouvelles entreprises par crowdfunding… on change de monde. C’est un multiplicateur de force, et il contribue à faire baisser les coûts de financement : cela fait toute la différence ».

Petits publics et gros sous
Si la campagne Veronica Mars de Kickstarter constitue vraisemblablement une exception, elle a pourtant jeté un pavé dans la mare de l’industrie du divertissement.

Avec une opération lancée le 13 mars, Rob Thomas, le créateur de la série s’était fixé un objectif de deux millions de dollars pour le film, tandis que le propriétaire de la franchise, Warner Bros., s’était engagé à soutenir financièrement le marketing et la distribution dans le cadre d’une sortie en salles limitée. À ce prix-là, avait déclaré le créateur dans un message sur Kickstarter, une petite équipe serait en mesure de sortir un film modeste qui donnerait une suite aux aventures de la lycéenne détective. Tout apport excédentaire leur permettrait de faire un film plus ambitieux, mais deux millions de dollars était le strict minimum requis.

Onze heures seulement après l’annonce de la campagne sur Twitter, l’objectif de financement initial était atteint. Lorsque la fenêtre de 30 jours pour la levée de fonds s’est clôturée la semaine dernière, la campagne Veronica Mars totalisait plus de 5,7 millions de dollars avec 91 585 financeurs, un record pour le site. Pas mal pour une série dont la diffusion s’est arrêtée en 2007 et qui ne réunissait en moyenne « que » 2,5 millions de téléspectateurs lors de ses trois saisons (dont deux sur la chaîne The WB et une troisième sur la chaîne The CW après la fusion de The WB avec UPN.)

« Le cas de Veronica Mars est un peu bizarre », remarque Ethan Mollick. « Il peut ou peut ne pas constituer une adoption du crowdfunding de la part des studios de cinéma. C’est vraiment l’exception à la règle. Je ne suis pas sûr que cette méthode fonctionne en dehors d’un ensemble de circonstances bien particulier. »

Tandis que les communautés de fans d’autres franchises télévisuelles aujourd’hui disparues commencent à caresser l’espoir que leur émission préférée puisse suivre l’exemple de Veronica Mars, c’est Rob Thomas lui-même qui exprime des réserves quant au fait d’avoir trouvé la martingale capable de court-circuiter les canaux traditionnels de financement hollywoodiens.

« Très franchement je ne parierais pas ma chemise sur le fait qu’un modèle comme Kickstarter se mette à fonctionner tous azimuts et que tous ceux qui veulent faire un film à 3, 4 ou 5 millions de dollars puissent s’attendre à aller s’inscrire sur Kickstarter et obtenir un financement », a-t-il déclaré à l’Associated Press. « Quand vous avez une franchise bien établie, qui a fait ses preuves auprès du public et que ce dernier a envie d’en voir plus, et qu’il existe déjà toute une base de fans, vous pouvez avoir beaucoup de succès. J’espère qu’à cet égard nous sommes des pionniers et que nous allons en voir d’autres nous emboîter le pas ».

Financer des films grâce au crowdfunding n’est pourtant pas une nouveauté : environ 10% des participants de cette année au Festival du Film de Sundance ont reçu de l’argent grâce à cette méthode, selon Kickstarter. Mais pour un studio comme Warner Bros., à qui il suffirait littéralement, pour trouver quatre millions de dollars, de récupérer les pièces jaunes perdues dans les coussins de ses fauteuils, la valeur réelle d’un film financé par Kickstarter est « un indicateur beaucoup plus fort, beaucoup plus puissant que ce qu’on obtiendrait à partir d’une enquête qui dirait : « Oui, je voudrais voir Veronica Mars en film », explique le professeur de marketing Jehoshua Eliashberg de Wharton.

« Du point de vue de Warner Bros, il s’agit là de données extrêmement précieuses en matière de recherche marketing », ajoute-t-il. « Impliquer des consommateurs dans le financement des films ne constitue pas à mon sens un montage financier innovant. En revanche je pense que les studios vont devoir s’habituer à l’idée que les consommateurs auront des exigences de plus en plus grandes à propos du genre de films qu’ils veulent voir, et de la manière dont ils seront faits ».

100 millions de business angels
Le crowdfunding a également rencontré l’approbation du gouvernement fédéral, ce qui ouvre le domaine de la levée de fonds à davantage de récompenses mais aussi de risques, pour les investisseurs et les entrepreneurs.

La loi Jumpstart Our Business Startups, ou JOBS Act, qui a été ratifiée par le président Obama en avril 2012, vise à alléger les restrictions de financement pour les start-ups et les petites entreprises. L’une des dispositions de la loi porte sur le fait d’ouvrir aux investisseurs américains un crowdfunding basé sur la distribution d’actions. Contrairement à un projet de type Kickstarter, où les financeurs font finalement une donation, ou bien, en substance, font la précommande d’un produit, le crowdfunding basé sur un système d’actions permettrait aux financeurs potentiels d’acheter une ou plusieurs actions d’une société embryonnaire, ouvrant ainsi la porte à un retour sur investissement.

Si aux Etats-Unis la SEC (Securities and Exchange Commission, équivalent américain de l’AMF) doit encore définir des règles pour concrétiser les promesses du JOBS Act, au Royaume-Uni et dans d’autres pays européens le crowdfunding basé sur un système d’actions est une réalité depuis plusieurs années. Pour Jeff Lynn, PDG de Seedrs, une société de crowdfunding par actions, il existe maintenant au Royaume-Uni et dans l’Union européenne près de 15 entreprises similaires. Pour ce qui est de la méthode de financement, il considère qu’elle elle a changé la donne dans le domaine des business angels, qu’il décrit comme l’antichambre qui précède un cycle de financement par capital-risque.

« Au lieu d’un système très riche et qui fonctionne en cercle fermé, où il faut être au bon endroit au bon moment, nous essayons de démocratiser l’activité », souligne Jeff Lynn. « À présent la porte est ouverte à tout le monde, partout. Je suis persuadé que beaucoup d’autres vont venir participer dans cet espace, ils seront très nombreux ; je vois un monde où nous aurons 100 millions de business angels ».

Le modèle européen
Seedrs est bien plus rigoureuse en matière de vérification des informations sur ses projets hébergés qu’un site de crowdfunding traditionnel, affirme Jeff Lynn, y compris quand il s’agit de vérifier que l’entreprise est une société nouvelle et qu’elle est bien enregistrée au Royaume-Uni. « Nous ne les gardons sur la plateforme que si nous sommes satisfaits sur ces points », précise-t-il. « Nous ne cherchons pas à imposer notre appréciation commerciale, mais dans la pratique, seulement un quart environ des entreprises qui viennent à nous finissent sur notre plateforme ».

Et parmi les start-ups qui passent le cap du processus de surveillance de l’entreprise, environ 12% seulement obtiennent un financement. L’objectif moyen est de 50 000 £ (60 000 euros) et l’entreprise fournit environ 1 million de livres sterling (1,5 millions de dollars, soit 1,2 millions d’euros) de financement par an. Selon Jeff Lynn, une fois que les entreprises ont participé à un ou plusieurs cycles de financement chez Seedrs ou chez un site similaire, elles se tournent de façon plus nette vers du capital-risque et le soutien accru que cela suppose.

Certes, permettre à des particuliers de faire de l’investissement direct injecte de la démocratie dans le secteur, mais cela s’accompagne aussi de pertes potentielles. Chez Seedrs, explique Jeff Lynn, les investisseurs doivent cliquer sur une série d’avertissements clairement formulés à propos de leur pertes potentielles (avertissements qui, ajoute-t-il, sont plus clairs et plus lisibles que les interminables licences d’utilisation dont sont assortis la plupart des services web et logiciels) et ils doivent passer par un quizz sur les politiques du site avant de pouvoir débourser le moindre centime. « Nous ne voulons pas que les gens pensent que c’est un placement sûr et qu’ils s’aventurent à y risquer les économies d’une vie. Il serait dangereux que des gens qui ne sont pas des investisseurs professionnels prennent des risques inconsidérés. »

Le crowdfunding basé sur un système d’actions est sur le point d’arriver sur les Etats-Unis dès que la SEC aura mis en place sa réglementation, et le modèle se diffuse peu à peu dans le monde. De plus en plus d’entrepreneurs y seront par conséquent voués à y recourir. Mais ce nouveau modèle de financement est encore loin d’être stabilisé. Ethan Mollick estime que beaucoup de rebondissements ou d’embûches sont encore susceptibles de se produire et de peser tant sur le champ du crowdfunding que sur les activités de financement plus classiques qu’il impacte.

« Voici ce qui se passe, conclut Ethan Mollick: il y a beaucoup d’argent qui circule, il y a des réglementations, et il y a une promesse de potentiel. C’est l’aboutissement d’un ensemble de phénomènes qui nous intéressent. On voit émerger des tendances de ce genre depuis un bon moment. Est-ce plus démocratique ? Oui. Pourtant, la qualité semble compter malgré tout, et voilà qui est important et édifiant. Il y a encore une foule de questions intéressantes pour lesquelles nous n’avons pas encore de réponses ».

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Cet article a été originellement publié le 8 mai 2013 dans Knowledge@Wharton sous le titre « As Crowdfunding Grows, the Rewards Increase – but So Do the Risks ». Copyright Knowledge@Wharton. Tous droits réservés. Traduit et republié sur autorisation.

 

Source : Paris Tech Review

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Sochi 2014: Crowdfunding fuels Olympic dreams

Sport-focused sites help athletes with talent and expensive dreams but slim budgets.

By:        Staff Reporter,              Published on Fri Jan 31 2014  
Canadian skier Larissa Yurkiw during a training session in Val d'Isere, France. She has used crowdfunding platform Pursu.it to help finance her training for the 2014 Winter Olympics.

Franck Fife/AFP/Getty Images

Canadian skier Larissa Yurkiw during a training session in Val d’Isere, France. She has used crowdfunding platform Pursu.it to help finance her training for the 2014 Winter Olympics.

Alpine skier Larissa Yurkiw knows the cost of pursuing an Olympic dream. Two months before the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, she suffered a crash that sidelined her for those games and forced her to spend two more years rehabbing.

But after paying the physical and emotional toll of overcoming serious injury, the 25-year-old athlete learned that the financial cost of becoming an Olympian is even steeper. Earning a spot in Sochi meant paying $20,000 in national team fees, and Yurkiw didn’t have quick access to that much cash.

Instead, she had a network of willing supporters, a compelling back-story and a web platform that allowed her to monetize both. Using the Canadian sport-focused fundraising site Pursu.it, Yurkiw surpassed her goal, raising $22,476 on contributions from more than 2,300 fans.

She also became one of a growing number of athletes competing in Sochi who crowdfunded their way to the games.

Eight Canadian Olympians used Pusu.it to fund their campaigns, while six more covered costs with help from Montreal-based Make a Champ. And when the Jamaican bobsled team learned earlier this month they had qualified for a spot in Sochi, several crowdfunding campaigns instantly materialized, raising more than $180,000 toward their expenses.

As crowdfunding has grown more common, sport-specific platforms have emerged to help fill a financial gap for aspiring Olympic athletes who are serious enough to incur hefty training expenses but often lack the profile and sponsorship income to defray them.

“When athletes are moving away from the Bank of Mom and Dad and into the real world, that’s when they need the most support,” says Pursu.it co-founder Julia Rivard. “We want to connect Canadian fans to really, really fantastic high-performance athletes with a dream.”

Rivard, a former Olympic kayaker, and business partner Leah Skelly, a former gymnast, run tech development firm Norex Web Strategy, where they give employees a day each week to create their own initiatives. Shortly after the London Olympics, an employee proposed a sports-based crowdfunding site, and by October 2012, the not-for-profit Pusu.it was online.

Make a Champ was also co-founded by an athlete. Two years ago, Canadian judo competitor David Ancor returned to Montreal from the World Junior Championships with a torn knee ligament and a $4,000 invoice from Judo Canada for the trip to the competition. A brainstorming session aimed at paying the bill led to the creation of the crowdfunding site, which launched in September 2012.

“We realized a lot of athletes were going through the same issue: trying to build a website (to) get them money,” Ancor says. “We needed to fix the problem not just for myself, but for everybody else.”

Depending on the platform, athletes keep between 85 and 90 per cent of the cash raised through crowdfunding sites in general.

At the end of their campaigns, Pursu.it athletes pay a five per cent fee to a payment processing company, 10 per cent to Pursu.it and keep the remainder. Fees for athletes raising funds through Make a Champ total 12.5 per cent of the campaign goal, Ancor says.

Not every athlete who applies is accepted, and not every campaign reaches its goal in the allotted time. The 35 campaigns listed on Pursu.it’s web site come from among 400 athletes and teams who have contacted the company. Rivard says individual athletes tend to raise funds more successfully than teams, because the campaigns feel more personal.

People who support an athlete’s campaign receive rewards from the athlete that correspond with the size of their donation. The 16 fans who donated $250 received a toque Yurkiw crocheted herself, while the supporters who pledged $1,000 got mentorship sessions with the skier.

“If you can really structure a fantastic give-back, no-one will get tired of your campaign,” Rivard says.

The people behind both companies say the Sochi games will prompt a rapid expansion their programs, and of sports-based crowdfunding overall.

After Sochi, Rivard plans to bring Pursu.it to the U.S., and is already working with partners stateside to connect with U.S. Olympians in the two-year buildup to the 2016 summer games in Rio. Meanwhile, Make a Champ has branched out to non-Olympic sports.

Last week, Mississauga-based mixed martial arts fighter Albert Cheng launched his first crowdfunding campaign, hoping to raise the $2,000 he needs to prepare for an upcoming competition in Macau.

“It looks like it can be an amazing tool for amateur athletes and pro athletes who are struggling with some money issue,” says Cheng, a graduate of Queen’s University. “It’s a good way to promote yourself and build your brand at the same time.”

Along with money and notoriety, Ancor says crowdfunding campaigns provide athletes with another essential ingredient for success.

Motivation.

“It’s the emotional and moral support you get from 100 people taking money from their pocket and giving it to you,” he says. “You’re so pumped and motivated to see that other people want you to succeed.”

Source : http://www.thestar.com/business/2014/01/31/sochi_2014_crowdfunding_fuels_olympic_dreams.html